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Cymbopogon citratus leaves: characterization of flavonoids by HPLC–PDA–ESI/MS/MS and an approach to their potential as a source of bioactive polyphenols

Resumo

Folhas de Cymbopogon citratus cultivadas foram extraídas com metanol, etanol aquoso 80% e água (infusão e decocção) e os extratos foram avaliados quanto à sua capacidade antirradical pelo ensaio de 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH ) ponto radical; o extrato de infusão exibiu a atividade mais forte. Taninos, ácidos fenólicos (caféico e p-derivados do ácido cumárico) e glicosídeos de flavona (derivados da apigenina e da luteolina) foram identificados em três diferentes frações obtidas de uma infusão livre de óleo essencial, e uma correlação com sua capacidade de sequestrar espécies reativas de oxigênio foi estudada. As frações tanino e flavonoide foram as mais ativas contra espécies envolvidas em processos de dano oxidativo. Na fração flavonoide, representando 6,1% do extrato, treze compostos ( O ​​- e C -glicosilflavonas) foram identificados provisoriamente por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, acoplada a detectores de espectrometria de massa com ionização por eletrospray (HPLC–PDA–ESI/MS ), nove das quais foram identificadas pela primeira vez nesta planta, todas elas sendo C -glicosilflavonas (mono-C- , di- C- e O , C -diglicosilflavonas). O potencial valor benéfico e protetor dos polifenóis identificados para a saúde humana é discutido.



Abstract

Leaves from cultivated Cymbopogon citratus were extracted with methanol, 80% aqueous ethanol and water (infusion and decoction) and the extracts were assessed for their antiradical capacity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPHradical dot) assay; the infusion extract exhibited the strongest activity. Tannins, phenolic acids (caffeic and p-coumaric acid derivatives) and flavone glycosides (apigenin and luteolin derivatives) were identified in three different fractions obtained from an essential oil-free infusion, and a correlation with their scavenger capacity for reactive oxygen species was studied. The tannin and flavonoid fractions were the most active against species involved in oxidative damage processes. In the flavonoid fraction, representing 6.1% of the extract, thirteen compounds (O– and C-glycosylflavones) were tentatively identified by high performance liquid chromatography, coupled to photodiode-array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC–PDA–ESI/MS), nine of which were identified for the first time in this plant, all of them being C-glycosylflavones (mono-C-, di-C– and O,C-diglycosylflavones). The potential beneficial and protective value of the identified polyphenols for human health is discussed.



Artur Figueirinha
António Paranhos
José J. Pérez-Alonso
Celestino Santos-Buelga
Maria T. Batista

2008 - Food Chemistry

Palavras-chave:

Cymbopogon citratus leaves, Lemon grass, Gramineae, Free radical-scavenging, Superoxide anion, Hydroxyl radical, O- and C-Glycosylflav-ones, HPLC–PDA–ESI/MSn, Polyphenol fractionation, Flavonoid isolation

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